Understanding DBS Checks and Your Criminal Record

If you have a criminal record, understanding how it may impact employment is crucial. Employers in England and Wales often conduct criminal background checks through the Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS). Scotland and Northern Ireland have their own versions of the process, so if you are applying there you will need to research their local checks and disclosure rules. Knowing which type of check applies to your job will help you prepare for disclosure if needed. 

What is a DBS Check? 

A DBS check is a background check carried out by the Disclosure and Barring Service to provide information on an individual’s criminal history. Employers request these checks for roles that involve working with vulnerable groups or handling sensitive information. 

Types of DBS Checks 

There are three main types of DBS checks in England & Wales, each providing different levels of information: 

1. Basic DBS Check – This is the most limited check, showing only unspent convictions. Any convictions that are considered “spent” under the Rehabilitation of Offenders Act 1974 will not appear on this check. This type of check is often required for jobs that do not involve direct contact with vulnerable groups but still require a degree of trust. 

   
   

2. Standard DBS Check – This provides details of unspent convictions as well as certain spent convictions and cautions. Jobs in regulated professions such as law, accountancy, and financial services may require a Standard DBS check. 

   
   

3. Enhanced DBS Check – This is the most detailed level of check, revealing all spent and unspent convictions, cautions, warnings, and reprimands. Additionally, it may include any relevant information held by the police. Jobs which involve working directly with children or vulnerable adults, such as teaching, healthcare, or social work, typically require an enhanced DBS check. When applying for an Enhanced DBS check employers have the option of requesting a check of the “Barred Lists” to see whether an individual is barred from working with children and/or vulnerable adults. 

   
   

DBS certificates do not show minor motoring endorsements such as penalty points for speeding and use of a mobile phone while driving. 

Understanding Your Criminal Record 

Before applying for jobs, it’s important to understand what will appear on your DBS check. You can request a copy of your own Basic DBS Check from the government website or seek support from organisations such as Offploy (www.offploy.org). 

Spent vs Unspent Convictions 

• Unspent convictions are recent or serious offences that must be disclosed when asked by an employer. 

• Spent convictions are older offences that are no longer legally required to be disclosed in most cases. 

• Some professions and roles requiring Standard or Enhanced DBS Checks may still take spent convictions into account. 

How to Handle Disclosure in Job Applications 

If a DBS check is required for a job, honesty is key. Many employers value transparency and may be willing to discuss your circumstances. When disclosing your record: 

• Review the job description to understand which level of check applies. 

• Be prepared to discuss any past offences in a constructive way. 

• Highlight any rehabilitation efforts or positive changes you have made. 

• Seek advice from Offploy or other support organisations if you are unsure how to disclose your record. 

  
  

Having a criminal record does not necessarily mean you will not find employment. Understanding DBS checks and your disclosure rights can help you navigate the job application process with confidence.